Bioimaging using bipolar electrochemical microscopy with improved spatial resolution
Tomoki Iwama, Kumi Y. Inoue, Hiroya Abe, Tomokazu Matsue, Hitoshi Shiku
Abstract
In this study, we developed bipolar electrochemical microscopy (BEM) using a closed bipolar electrode (cBPE) array with an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detecting system. Because cBPEs are not directly connected to a detector, high spatio-temporal resolution imaging can be achieved by fabricating a microelectrode array in which each electrode point is arranged in a short interval. A cBPE array with individual cBPEs arranged in 41 μm intervals was successfully fabricated by depositing gold in the pores of a track-etched membrane using electroless plating. Using BEM with the cBPE array, which has a higher density of electrode points than the conventional multi-electrode array, we effectively demonstrated the imaging of [Fe(CN)6]3- diffusion and the respiratory activity of MCF-7 spheroids with high spatio-temporal resolution.