Dynamical Signatures of Quasiparticle Interactions in Quantum Spin Chains
Anna Keselman, Leon Balents, Oleg A. Starykh
Abstract
We study the transverse dynamical susceptibility of an antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 chain in the presence of a longitudinal Zeeman field. In the low magnetization regime in the gapless phase, we show that the marginally irrelevant backscattering interaction between the spinons creates a nonzero gap between two branches of excitations at small momentum. We further demonstrate how this gap varies upon introducing a second neighbor antiferromagnetic interaction, vanishing in the limit of a noninteracting "spinon gas." In the high magnetization regime, as the Zeeman field approaches the saturation value, we uncover the appearance of two-magnon bound states in the transverse susceptibility. This bound state feature generalizes the one arising from string states in the Bethe ansatz solution of the integrable case. Our results are based on numerically accurate, unbiased matrix-product-state techniques as well as analytic approximations.