Glucose control in diabetes during home confinement for the first pandemic wave of COVID-19: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Giovanni Antonio Silverii, Chiara Delli Poggi, Ilaria Dicembrini, Matteo Monami, Edoardo Mannucci
Abstract
Abstract Aim To assess the effect on glycaemic control of confinement due to lockdown measures, during COVID-19 pandemic, in people with type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes. Methods Meta-analysis of observational studies reporting measures of glucose control and variability before and during and/or after periods of confinement caused by COVID-19 in 2020 and/or 2021. Results We included 27 studies on T1DM. No significant change in Hba1c was observed after lockdown (WMD − 1.474 [− 3.26; 0.31] mmol/mol, I 2 = 93.9). TIR significantly increased during and after lockdown (WMD: 2.73 1.47; 4.23 %, I 2 = 81% and 3.73 [1.13; 5.33] %, I 2 = 85%, respectively).We retrieved nine studies on T2DM patients. No significant variation in HbA1c was detected (WMD − 1.257 − 3.91; 1.39 mmol/mol, I 2 = 98.3%). HbA1c had a more favourable trend in studies performed in Asia than in Europe ( p = 0.022 between groups). Conclusion Lockdown showed no significant detrimental effect on HbA1c in either T1DM or T2DM. Conversely, home confinement led to a reduction in mean glucose and glucose variability in T1DM, although with a high heterogeneity of results.