Observation of Topological Edge States in Thermal Diffusion
Hao Hu, Song Han, Yihao Yang, Dongjue Liu, Haoran Xue, Gui‐Geng Liu, Zheyu Cheng, Qi Jie Wang, Shuang Zhang, Baile Zhang, Yu Luo
Abstract
Topological band theory predicts that bulk materials with nontrivial topological phases support topological edge states. This phenomenon is universal for various wave systems and is widely observed for electromagnetic and acoustic waves. Here, the notion of band topology is extended from wave to diffusion dynamics. Unlike wave systems that are usually Hermitian, diffusion systems are anti-Hermitian with purely imaginary eigenvalues corresponding to decay rates. By direct probe of the temperature diffusion, the Hamiltonian of a thermal lattice is experimentally retrieved, and the emergence of topological edge decays is observed within the gap of bulk decays. The results of this work show that such edge states exhibit robust decay rates, which are topologically protected against disorder. This work constitutes a thermal analogue of topological insulators and paves the way to exploring defect-immune heat dissipation.