Date Seed–Added Biodegradable Films and Coatings for Active Food Packaging Applications: A Review
Maha Al‐Khalili, Shafiur Rahman, Nasser Al‐Habsi
Abstract
ABSTRACT This review examines the incorporation of date seeds, often regarded as a neglected waste product, into food packaging composites, highlighting their potential to enhance sustainability and functionality. Date seeds are abundant in insoluble fibres including cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which contribute to their hydrophobic properties and play a crucial role in improving the mechanical strength and moisture barrier capabilities of the composites. Additionally, they are rich in bioactive compounds, including polyphenols and flavonoids, which contribute to their potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. These properties extend the shelf life of food products and enhance food safety. The review explores various physicochemical properties, revealing a balance between transparency and UV protection. Furthermore, it discusses the impact of date seeds on water solubility and swelling properties, emphasizing the influence of treatment methods and incorporation levels. Preliminary findings demonstrate the effectiveness of these composites in preserving various food models. However, further research is needed to optimize formulations and functional properties and evaluate sensory acceptability. Overall, the utilization of date seeds presents a promising avenue for developing innovative, eco‐friendly food packaging solutions that align with consumer needs and sustainability goals.