Enhanced Semi-interpenetrating Network Quasi-solid Electrolytes Modified by Hollow Porous Nanofibers for Flexible Zinc–Air Batteries
Zunhong Chen, Junhong Jin, Shenglin Yang, Guang Li, Jingjing Zhang
Abstract
The low ionic conductivity and poor mechanical property of quasi-solid electrolytes (QSEs) have hindered the practical implementation of flexible zinc–air batteries (FZABs) with a higher energy density and a longer working time. Herein, inspired by the robust natural extracellular matrix and good water-retention vacuoles of plant cells, semi-interpenetrating network-structured QSEs composed of rigid quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan-decorated hollow porous polyacrylonitrile-based nanofibers and a soft hydrophilic sodium acrylate (PANa) polymer are fabricated. The cross-linked semi-interpenetrating network structure endows the QSEs with enhanced electrolyte absorption/retention capacity, increased ionic conductivity, and improved mechanical strength. Moreover, the introduction of interconnected hollow porous nanofibers offers favorable water reservoirs and ion-conduction channels to further regulate the OH – flux. As a result, the FZABs assembled with the bioinspired QSEs exhibit a high power density (126 mW cm –2 ), a long lifespan (100 h), as well as good flexibility. The demonstrated bionic and in situ crosslinking strategies provide enlightening pathways for the design of advanced QSEs for high-performance flexible energy conversion and storage systems.