<i>In Situ</i> Tracking of Nonthermal Plasma Etching of ZIF-8 Films
Matheus Dorneles de Mello, Mueed Ahmad, Dennis T. Lee, Panagiotis Dimitrakellis, Yurun Miao, Weiqing Zheng, Dmytro Nykypanchuk, Dionisios G. Vlachos, Michael Tsapatsis, J. Anibal Boscoboinik
Abstract
Surface characterization is critical for understanding the processes used for preparing catalysts, sorbents, and membranes. Nonthermal plasma (NTP) is a process that achieves high reactivity at low temperatures and is used to tailor the surface properties of materials. In this work, we combine the capabilities of infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) with NTP for the in situ interrogation of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) thin films to probe modifications in the material induced by oxygen and nitrogen plasmas. The IRRAS measurements in oxygen plasma reveal etching of organic ligands with sequential removal of the methyl group and imidazole ring and with the formation of carbonyl moieties (C═O). In contrast, nitrogen plasma induces mild etching and grafting of nitrile groups (−C≡N). Scanning electron microscopy imaging shows that oxygen plasma, at prolonged times, significantly degrades the ZIF-8 film at the grain boundaries. Treatment of ZIF-8 membranes using mild plasma conditions yields a fivefold enhancement for H2/N2 and CO2/CH4 ideal selectivities and an eightfold enhancement for CO2/N2 ideal selectivity. Additionally, the new tools described here can be used for spectroscopic in situ tracking of plasma-induced chemistry on thin films in general.