Validation of natural language processing methods capturing semantic incoherence in the speech of patients with non-affective psychosis
Sandra Anna Just, Anna‐Lena Bröcker, Galina Ryazanskaya, Ivan Nenchev, Maria Victoria Schneider, Felix Bermpohl, Andreas Heinz, Christiane Montag
Abstract
Background: Impairments in speech production are a core symptom of non-affective psychosis (NAP). While traditional clinical ratings of patients' speech involve a subjective human factor, modern methods of natural language processing (NLP) promise an automatic and objective way of analyzing patients' speech. This study aimed to validate NLP methods for analyzing speech production in NAP patients. Methods: . Global and local models of semantic coherence as well as different word embeddings (word2vec vs. GloVe) were applied to the transcribed speech samples. They were tested and compared regarding their correlation with clinical ratings and external criteria from cross-sectional and longitudinal measurements. Results: Results did not show differences for global vs. local coherence models and found more significant correlations between word2vec models and clinically relevant outcome variables than for GloVe models. Exploratory analysis of longitudinal data did not yield significant correlation with coherence scores. Conclusion: These results indicate that natural language processing methods need to be critically validated in more studies and carefully selected before clinical application.