Critical behavior in monoclinic <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>Cr</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Te</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>
Anirban Goswami, Nicholas Ng, Emmanuel Yakubu, Milinda Abeykoon, Samaresh Guchhait
Abstract
High-quality monoclinic ${\mathrm{Cr}}_{3}{\mathrm{Te}}_{4}$ crystals are synthesized by the chemical vapor transport method and confirmed by synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction. Critical behaviors of ${\mathrm{Cr}}_{3}{\mathrm{Te}}_{4}$ are studied by bulk isothermal magnetization measurements around its paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition. From these data, we evaluate the modified Arrott plot, the Kouvel-Fisher plot, and critical isotherms, and estimate critical exponent values of $\ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{\sim}0.3827, \ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\sim}1.2119$, and $\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\sim}4.16$, and the Curie temperature ${T}_{C}\ensuremath{\approx}321$ K. After the scaling, the isothermal magnetization curves below and above the critical temperatures collapse into two independent universal branches which signifies the reliability of our critical exponent estimation. The estimated critical exponent values of ${\mathrm{Cr}}_{3}{\mathrm{Te}}_{4}$ do not match well with theoretically calculated values of any three-dimensional models.