Overview of Recent Scale-Ups in Organic Electrosynthesis (2000–2023)
Dan Lehnherr, Longrui Chen
Abstract
This review summarizes examples of organic electrosynthesis from the peer-reviewed literature from 2000 to 2023 that have been conducted on scales of 20 g or above. A significant portion of these examples were conducted on a ≤100 g scale, while detailed reports of kilogram-scale electrosynthesis remain scarce in the pharmaceutical industry. In addition to the chemical transformation, this review also highlights the type of reactor used and a projected productivity metric as ways to compare the different reports. The selected examples of organic electrosynthesis scale-ups described herein also illustrate the remaining challenges currently preventing the routine use of large-scale electrosynthesis in the pharmaceutical industry.