Universal thermodynamic topological classes of static black holes in Conformal Killing Gravity
Hao Chen, Di Wu, Mengyao Zhang, Soroush Zare, H. Hassanabadi, B. C. Lütfüoğlu, Zheng‐Wen Long
Abstract
Abstract In this study, we develop universal thermodynamic topological classes for the static black holes in the context of the Conformal Killing Gravity. Our findings indicate that the Conformal Killing Gravity significantly reconstructs the thermodynamic properties of both the smallest inner and the largest outer black hole states. Additionally, it considerably alters the thermodynamic stability of black holes across both high-temperature and low-temperature regimes. This analysis shows that different CKG parameter settings will lead to $$W^{0+}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> $$(\lambda >0)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>></mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and $$W^{1+}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> $$(\lambda <0)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mo><</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> categories for the charged AdS black hole, the Reissner–Nordstr $$\ddot{o}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>o</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¨</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> m black hole in Conformal Killing Gravity is classified into the $$W^{0+}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> and $$W^{1+}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> categories. Furthermore, we examine the specific scenario where charge is neglected. The study reveals that within the framework of Conformal Killing Gravity, the Schwarzschild black hole similar to the Schwarzschild-AdS black hole, can be classified into the $$W^{1-}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> and $$W^{0-}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> categories. This work provides key insights into the fundamental nature of quantum gravity theory.