Difluoromethylation of Alkyl Bromides and Iodides with TMSCF₂H

Abstract

We describe, for the first time, two protocols for direct difluoromethylation of unactivated alkyl bromides and iodides. Reactions of alkyl iodides with TMSCF2H were mediated by a copper catalyst using CsF as the activator, while reactions of less reactive alkyl bromides required a combination of palladium and a stoichiometric amount of CuI as the catalysts. Preliminary mechanistic studies of the synergistic Pd/Cu-catalyzed difluoromethylation of alkyl bromides suggest that it proceeds likely via a Pd(I)/Pd(III) catalytic cycle.

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