The Arctic
Matthew L. Druckenmiller, Richard Thoman, Twila Moon, Liss M. Andreassen, Thomas J. Ballinger, Logan T. Berner, G. Bernhard, Uma S. Bhatt, Siiri Bigalke, Jarle W. Bjerke, Jason E. Box, Brian Brettschneider, Mike Brubaker, David Burgess, Amy H. Butler, Hanne H. Christiansen, Bertrand Decharme, Chris Derksen, Dmitry Divine, Caroline Drost Jensen, Alesksandra Elias Chereque, Howard E. Epstein, S. L. Farrell, Robert S. Fausto, Xavier Fettweis, Vitali Fioletov, Caitlyn Florentine, Bruce C. Forbes, Gerald V. Frost, Sebastian Gerland, Jens‐Uwe Grooß, Edward Hanna, Inger Hanssen‐Bauer, Máret J. Heatta, Stefan Hendricks, Iolanda Ialongo, Ketil Isaksen, Jelmer Jeuring, Gensuo Jia, Bjørn Johnsen, Lars Kaleschke, Seong-Joong Kim, Jack Kohler, Zachary M. Labe, Rick Lader, Kaisa Lakkala, Mark J. Lara, Simon H. Lee, Bryant D. Loomis, Bartłomiej Luks, Kari Luojus, Matthew J. Macander, Rúna Í. Magnússon, Kenneth D. Mankoff, G. L. Manney, Brooke Medley, Walter N. Meier, Paul Montesano, Thomas L. Mote, Lawrence Mudryk, Rolf Müller, C. S. R. Neigh, Kelsey E. Nyland, James E. Overland, Finnur Pálsson, Kristin Poinar, Donald K. Perovich, Alek Petty, Gareth K. Phoenix, Robert Ricker, V. E. Romanovsky, Louis Sass, Johan H. Scheller, Mark C. Serreze, N. I. Shiklomanov, B. E. Smith, Sharon L. Smith, D. A. Streletskiy, Tove Svendby, Marco Tedesco, Laura Thomson, Þorsteinn Thorsteinsson, Xiangshan Tian‐Kunze, Mary-Louise Timmermans, Hans Tømmervik, Christine F. Waigl, Donald A. Walker, John E. Walsh, Muyin Wang, Melinda Webster, Adrian Wehrlé, G. J. Wolken, Bert Wouters, Dedi Yang
Abstract
<p>Journal article: Arctic observations in 2023 provided clear evidence of rapid and pronounced climate and <br>environmental change, shaped by past and ongoing human activities that release greenhouse <br>gases into the atmosphere and push the broader Earth system into uncharted territory. This <br>chapter provides a snapshot of 2023 and summarizes decades-long trends observed across the <br>Arctic, including warming surface air and sea-surface temperatures, decreasing snow cover, <br>diminishing sea ice, thawing permafrost, and continued mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet <br>and Arctic glaciers. These changes are driving a transition to a wetter, greener, and less frozen <br>Arctic, with serious implications for Arctic peoples and ecosystems, as well as for low- and <br>midlatitudes</p>