cGAS-STING pathway targeted therapies and their applications in the treatment of high-grade glioma
Shashwat Tripathi, Hinda Najem, Akanksha Mahajan, Peng Zhang, Justin Low, Alexander H. Stegh, Michael A. Curran, David M. Ashley, C. David James, Amy B. Heimberger
Abstract
Median survival of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) treated with standard of care which consists of maximal safe resection of the contrast-enhancing portion of the tumor followed by radiation therapy with concomitant adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) remains 15 months. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is known to contain immune suppressive myeloid cells with minimal effector T cell infiltration. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an important activator of immune response and results in production of Type 1 interferon and antigen presentation by myeloid cells. This review will discuss important developments in STING agonists, potential biomarkers for STING response, and new combinatorial therapeutic approaches in gliomas.