Stability of Freeze-Dried Protein Formulations: Contributions of Ice Nucleation Temperature and Residence Time in the Freeze-Concentrate
Rui Fang, Robin H. Bogner, Steven L. Nail, Michael J. Pikal
Topics & Concepts
NucleationResidence time (fluid dynamics)Ice nucleusFreeze-dryingIce creamIce formationChemistryChromatographyMaterials scienceThermodynamicsFood sciencePhysicsGeologyOrganic chemistryAtmospheric sciencesGeotechnical engineeringFreezing and Crystallization ProcessesProtein purification and stabilityMicroencapsulation and Drying Processes