Ultra-efficient radio-immunotherapy for reprogramming the hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with durable innate immune memory
Jichun Yang, Chong Zhang, Xiaohui Chen, Daijun Zhou, Zixin Sun, Ruyan Niu, Ying Zhu, Hengyi Chen, Liu Wang, Yi Chen, Yuhan Wang, Yunqian Fu, Ningyu Ma, Jianjun Li, Yang Luo
Abstract
Radiosensitization efficacy of conventional tumor radiosensitizers has been frequently limited by insufficient competence for tumor microenvironment (TME) regulation and unfavorable cellular uptake at biological barriers. Here, we reported an ultra-efficient radiotherapy (RT) strategy by synthesizing an extracellular vesicles (EVs)-encapsulated hollow MnO 2 to load metformin (Met@HMnER). It demonstrated significant RT enhancement by morphological control of catalyst and cellular respiratory depression against conventional solid MnO 2 . Furthermore, the target-modified EVs clothing retains outstanding metformin loading capacity while endowing enhanced biological barrier penetration. A noticeably durable innate immune activation of NK cells was triggered with this nanoplatform via the cGAS-STING pathway. The enhanced immunocompetence was verified on distal metastasis and in-situ recurrence model in vivo , This work paved a new path for synergistic and robust innate immunity in clinical cancer treatment.