A Spatially Non-Stationary Fading Channel Model for Simulation and (Semi-) Analytical Study of ELAA-MIMO
Jiuyu Liu, Yi Ma, Rahim Tafazolli
Abstract
In this paper, a novel spatially non-stationary fading channel model is proposed for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with extremely-large aperture service-array (ELAA). The proposed model incorporates three key factors which cause the channel spatial non-stationarity: <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</i> ) link-wise path-loss; <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</i> ) shadowing effect; <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</i> ) line-of-sight (LoS)/non-LoS state. With appropriate parameter configurations, the proposed model can be used to generate computer-simulated channel data that matches the published measurement data from practical ELAA-MIMO channels. Given such appealing results, the proposed fading channel model is employed to study the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of ELAA-MIMO channel capacity. For all of our studied scenarios, it is unveiled that the ELAA-MIMO channel capacity obeys the skew normal distribution. Moreover, the channel capacity is also found close to the Gaussian or Weibull distribution, depending on users’ geo-location and distribution. More specifically, for single-user equivalent scenarios or multiuser scenarios with short user-to-ELAA distances (e.g., 1 m), the channel capacity is close to the Gaussian distribution; and for others, it is close to the Weibull distribution. Finally, the proposed channel model is also employed to study the impact of channel spatial non-stationarity on linear MIMO receivers through computer simulations. The proposed fading channel model is available at https://github.com/ELAA-MIMO/non-stationary-fading-channel-model.