Electrochemical formation protocols for maximising the life-time of a sodium ion battery
Brij Kishore, Lin Chen, C.E.J. Dancer, Emma Kendrick
Abstract
Electrochemical protocols for reducing formation time and maximising cycle life in a sodium ion battery are proposed. The formation protocols comprise low current cycles within a targeted voltage window. After accelerated cell aging tests, the impedance and cycle life are evaluated. Maximum life time is obtained for formation within the 3.6-3.8 V window. 250 cycles are observed to 80% of initial capacity with accelerated ageing, compared to 90 cycles with no formation.
Topics & Concepts
ElectrochemistryBattery (electricity)IonSodiumChemistryMaterials scienceChemical engineeringElectrodeEngineeringOrganic chemistryThermodynamicsPhysicsPower (physics)Physical chemistryAdvancements in Battery MaterialsAdvanced Battery Materials and TechnologiesAdvanced Battery Technologies Research