A Multi‐responsive Fluorescent Probe Reveals Mitochondrial Nucleoprotein Dynamics with Reactive Oxygen Species Regulation through Super‐resolution Imaging
Guanqing Yang, Zhengjie Liu, Ruilong Zhang, Xiaohe Tian, Juan Chen, Guangmei Han, Bianhua Liu, Xinya Han, Yao Fu, Zhangjun Hu, Zhongping Zhang
Abstract
Abstract Understanding the biomolecular interactions in a specific organelle has been a long‐standing challenge because it requires super‐resolution imaging to resolve the spatial locations and dynamic interactions of multiple biomacromolecules. Two key difficulties are the scarcity of suitable probes for super‐resolution nanoscopy and the complications that arise from the use of multiple probes. Herein, we report a quinolinium derivative probe that is selectively enriched in mitochondria and switches on in three different fluorescence modes in response to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), proteins, and nucleic acids, enabling the visualization of mitochondrial nucleoprotein dynamics. STED nanoscopy reveals that the proteins localize at mitochondrial cristae and largely fuse with nucleic acids to form nucleoproteins, whereas increasing H 2 O 2 level leads to disassociation of nucleic acid–protein complexes.