Chemistry, Biosynthesis and Pharmacology of Streptonigrin: An Old Molecule with Future Prospects for New Drug Design, Development and Therapy
Naurah Nabihah Nasir, Mahendran Sekar, Subban Ravi, Ling Shing Wong, Sreenivas Patro Sisinthy, Siew Hua Gan, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Kumarappan Chidambaram, Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani, M. Yasmin Begum, Mohankumar Ramar, Sher Zaman Safi, Siddharthan Selvaraj, Senthil Kumar Chinna Maruthu, Shivkanya Fuloria, Neeraj Kumar Fuloria, Pei Teng Lum, Sinouvassane Djearamane
Abstract
and is gaining attention as a drug molecule owing to its potential antitumor and antibiotic effects. It was previously used as an anticancer drug but has been discontinued because of its toxic effects. However, according to the most recent studies, the toxicity of streptonigrin and its structurally modified derivatives has been reduced while maintaining their potential pharmacological action at lower concentrations. To date, many investigations have been conducted on this molecule and its derivatives to determine the most effective molecule with low toxicity to enable new drug discovery. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive review and to discuss the prospects for streptonigrin and its derived compounds, which may boost the molecule as a highly interesting target molecule for new drug design, development and therapy. To complete this review, relevant literature was collected from several scientific databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect. Following a complete screening, the obtained information is summarized in the present review to provide a good reference and accelerate the development and utilization of streptonigrin and its derivatives as pharmaceuticals.