Local structure modulations of single-atom catalysts in sulfur electrocatalysis: A comprehensive review
Gaoran Li, Jianjun Zhang, Zhenzhen Wu, Hongyang Li, Yingze Song, Shanqing Zhang
Abstract
Profound insight into the local structure modulation offers systematic guidance for the development of advanced single-atom catalysts and practically viable lithium-sulfur batteries. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) hold great promise for powering fast and durable sulfur electrochemistry in lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). The rational manipulation of SAC local structure is a key strategy for boosting catalytic activity and enhancing battery performance, spurring significant research interest in recent years. This comprehensive review combs through the latest progress of SACs in LSBs, with a particular emphasis on the modulations of their local structure and catalytic behaviors. These advancements are classified into three main categories, i.e., center-substrate matchup, coordination adjustment, and composite synergism, according to the primary design principle and the polysulfide catalytic conversion mechanism. Furthermore, we critically and systematically investigate the remaining challenges in LSBs and suggest strategic solutions in the design, synthesis, and application of SACs. By providing a systematic summary and profound insights into the local structure modulation, this review offers guidance for the development of advanced SACs and practically viable LSBs.