Skin‐Inspired, Multifunctional, and 3D‐Printable Flexible Sensor Based on Triple‐Responsive Hydrogel for Signal Conversion in Skin Interface Electronics Health Management
Shuhuai Zheng, Lingyang Ruan, Fanmao Meng, Zhihong Wu, Yiyao Qi, Yukui Gao, Weizhong Yuan
Abstract
Abstract Hydrogel‐based flexible electronic components have become the optimal solution to address the rigidity problem of traditional electronics in health management. In this study, a multipurpose hydrogel is introduced, which is formed by combining a dual‐network consisting of physical (chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) and chemical (poly(isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM)‐ co ‐acrylamide (AM))) cross‐linking, along with signal conversion fillers (eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn), Ti 3 C 2 MXene, polyaniline (PANI)) for responding to external stimuli. Multiple sensing of dynamic and static signals is permissible for it. The strain sensor based on the hydrogel exhibits up to a 1000% resistance change within a 400% stretch range, and significant capacitance variations are observed upon touch. The temperature sensor yields a sensitivity of ≈−2.9% °C −1 at 20–40 °C and ≈65% °C −1 at 0–20 °C. The pH sensor responds with a sensitivity of near −13.68 mV pH −1 . A paper‐based triboelectric nanogenerator can be assembled to collect action energy at 83 mW m −2 . The skin contact interface is kept in good condition owing to its 3D‐printability, controllable antibacterial properties, along high cell survival rate. This multifunctional hydrogel holds promise in facilitating the integration of diagnosis and maintenance.