Adenosine A<sub>2A</sub> Receptor (A<sub>2A</sub>AR) Ligand Screening Using the <sup>19</sup>F-NMR Probe FPPA
Jinfeng Zhang, Dandan Feng, Jianjun Cheng, Kurt Wüthrich
Abstract
The binding affinity of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands is customarily measured by radio-ligand competition experiments. As an alternative approach, 19 F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 19 F-NMR) is used for the screening of small-molecule lead compounds in drug discovery; the two methods are complementary in that the measurements are performed with widely different experimental conditions. Here, we used the structure of the A 2A adenosine receptor (A 2A AR) complex with V-2006 (3-(4-amino-3-methylbenzyl)-7-(furan-2-yl)-3 H -[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5- d ]pyrimidin-5-amine) as the basis for the design of a fluorine-containing probe molecule, FPPA (4-(furan-2-yl)-7-(4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-7 H -pyrrolo[2,3- d ]pyramidin-2-amine), for binding studies with A 2A AR. A protocol of experimental conditions for drug screening and measurements of drug binding affinities using 1D 19 F-NMR observation of FPPA is validated with studies of known A 2A AR ligands. 19 F-NMR with FPPA is thus found to be a robust approach for the discovery of ligands with new core structures, which will expand the libraries of A 2A AR-targeting drug candidates.