Semantic Re-tuning with Contrastive Tension
Fredrik Carlsson, Magnus Sahlgren, Evangelia Gogoulou, Amaru Cuba Gyllensten, Erik Ylipää Hellqvist
Abstract
Extracting semantically useful natural language sentence representations frompre-trained deep neural networks such as Transformers remains a challenge. Wefirst demonstrate that pre-training objectives impose a significant task bias ontothe final layers of models, with a layer-wise survey of the Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) correlations for multiple common Transformer language models. Wethen propose a new self-supervised method called Contrastive Tension (CT) tocounter such biases. CT frames the training objective as a noise-contrastive taskbetween the final layer representations of two independent models, in turn makingthe final layer representations suitable for feature extraction. Results from multiple common unsupervised and supervised STS tasks indicate that CT outperformsprevious State Of The Art (SOTA), and when combining CT with supervised datawe improve upon previous SOTA results with large margins.