Effectiveness of Occlusal Splints in the Management of Temporomandibular Disorders: Comparisons of Treatment Approaches and Digital Versus Conventional Fabrication Techniques
Hamad Albagieh, Abdullah Al-Wazzan, Faisal A Alhelal, Mohammed F Alem, Abdullah M Albaiz, Turki Khalid Aloraini, Mohammed K Alselmi
Abstract
This research explores the types and effectiveness of occlusal splints in managing temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). TMDs encompass a range of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the jaw, causing pain, limited movement, and discomfort. Occlusal splints, also known as bite guards, are commonly used in dentistry to alleviate TMD symptoms by relaxing jaw muscles, preventing joint trauma, and protecting teeth. This research examines various splint types, including stabilization splints, anterior bite planes, and repositioning appliances, and analyzes their fabrication methods, indications, and contraindications. Additionally, it investigates the effectiveness of splint therapy in reducing pain, improving jaw function, and managing specific TMD conditions. The research also delves into the comparison of conventional, milled, and 3D-printed splints, considering their accuracy, fabrication time, cost-effectiveness, and patient satisfaction. Finally, it addresses potential complications associated with splint use and concludes by emphasizing the importance of occlusal splint therapy as a noninvasive and effective treatment option for TMD management.