Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles using Brevibacterium casei (SOSIST-06) isolated from Southern Ocean water samples and their in vitro and in silico anti-WSSV activity
R. Namitha, B. Abirami, B.S. Anoop, D.V. Diya Dominic, Ahna Ameer, Kaari Manigundan, M Radhakrishnan, P. Santhiya, P.V. Bhaskar, K. Govindaraju, I.S. Bright Singh, G. Dharani
Abstract
The worldwide shrimp aquaculture business, which is expanding and producing food, has experienced significant economic losses due to a variety of disease outbreaks. One of the main viral pathogens for the global shrimp aquaculture sector is the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). There have been several attempts to eradicate the virus in shrimp, but none of them have been successful in the long-term effectiveness. In the present work, we establish the isolated strain identified as Brevibacterium casei SOSIST-06 from the Southern Ocean water sample and its capacity for green synthesis of gold nanoparticles . The nanoparticles were characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Transmission electron microscopy . The morphology of nanoparticles is most spherical and there are a few triangles with an average size ranging from 9.5 to 52.3 nm. In vitro anti-wssv activity was carried out using hybrid cell line Pm Lyo- Sf9 cells, and the synthesized gold nanoparticles were shown to inhibit the virus infection (attachment inhibitory and virucidal activity) with a dose-dependent effect. Further, the interaction of gold nanoparticles and VP28 envelope protein was confirmed using in silico approach. To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify that an actinobacterium , Brevibacterium casei synthesized gold nanoparticles could fight against the white spot syndrome virus. These findings do point the way towards creating potent antiviral or therapeutic techniques for aquaculture that utilize gold nanoparticles.