Sustainable Development Goal 15: Life on land
Wegayehu Fitawek, Sheryl L. Hendriks
Abstract
A growing global population combined with economic development and changes in consumption patterns are putting too much pressure on land. As a result of population growth, the demand for food is expected to increase sharply. Although agriculture is essential in achieving several SDGs, agricultural expansion to meet the food demand affects the environment and ecosystem. In addition, the increasing demand for animal-based protein and livestock production intensifies the pressure on land due to greenhouse gas emissions, land degradation, air and water pollution, and biodiversity loss. Therefore, minimising the trade-offs is essential. Land use change is critical in tackling food security, climate change, and biodiversity loss. Selecting suitable land uses for given biophysical and socio-economic conditions is essential for minimising land degradation and climate change. Furthermore, building a sustainable agricultural and food system is essential through adopting climate-smart agricultural practices and engaging and empowering local communities.