Engineering Cell‐Based Systems for Smart Cancer Therapy
Nima Mirkhani, Tinotenda Gwisai, Simone Schuerle
Abstract
Due to the difficulty of targeting systemically delivered therapeutics for cancer, interest has grown in exploiting biological agents to enhance tumor accumulation and mediate localized drug delivery. Equipped with onboard sensing and active motility, some cells respond to specific cues of the tumor microenvironment, making them ideal candidates for smart cancer therapy. Herein, recent progress and developments are presented on the use of four of the most promising cell‐based systems for tumor targeting and drug delivery—immune cells, stem cells, platelets, and bacteria. Strategies to further enhance specificity at the tissue and cell level are discussed, including genetic engineering, chemical cell surface modification, and the use of external physical stimuli. With crucial ongoing efforts addressing the safety and efficacy of living intelligent therapeutics, a new era of cancer medicine is on the horizon.