Nanomaterial characterization: Understanding nano-bio interactions
Bengt Fadeel
Abstract
Nanomaterials are marvelously small, yet they may be harnessed to great effect. Much has been learned with respect to the biological interactions and effects of nanomaterials during the past decade. However, characterization of nanomaterials is typically performed on as-synthesized materials. We posit that nanomaterials are dynamic entities and should be studied and regulated as such. Hence, characterization of nanomaterials should take into account their biotransformation. However, in situ characterization of nanomaterials as they undergo dynamic changes (coronation, dissolution, degradation) in a living system remains a formidable challenge in nanosafety. Material scientists and toxicologists need to join forces to address this issue.