Effect of Fillers on the Performance of Fibre Reinforced Polymer Hybrid Composites: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Fiber-reinforced composites offer several benefits over traditional single-material systems, including reduced weight, biodegradability, long-term durability, cost-effectiveness, and dependable performance. However, their broader use is often restricted by issues such as variability in fiber quality, limited mechanical strength, and low thermal stability. To overcome these drawbacks, hybridization has gained prominence as a promising strategy for improving fiber-reinforced composites. Extensive research has been conducted on the incorporation of fillers to create hybrid composite materials. These fillers significantly affect the structural and functional characteristics of hybrid composites, thereby influencing their performance and potential applications. Numerous investigations on fillers have been documented, which prompted this review on their impact on fiber-reinforced hybrid composites. Hybrid composites incorporating fillers have attracted growing interest in recent studies due to their enhanced mechanical and thermal behavior. This paper explores the integration of various fillers including organic, inorganic, natural, and synthetic types into composites, focusing on their effects on mechanical and thermal properties. The findings of this review highlight that filler incorporation significantly boosts the performance of hybrid composites. It is observed that filler dispersion within the matrix primarily influences mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, and the heat dissipation capabilities of the composites.

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