Combine thermal performance based on dust particles and Hall and ion slip currents including tetra-hybrid nanoparticles on Howarth's wavy pipe
Noureddine Elboughdiri, Umar Nazir, Muhammad Umer Sohail, Abd Allah A. Mousa
Abstract
The flow of a three-dimensional incompressible Carreau model by inserting iron oxide, titanium, copper and aluminum in a stretched wavy cylinder is inspected in this research by mixing the nanoparticles in two phases i.e. dust and fluid phase. The rheology of the Carreau model is considered to present the behavior of ethylene glycol liquid. The contribution of Hall current with the ionization of ion slips under convective boundary conditions by utilizing the comportment of radiation and external heat source in thermal transport expression is considered. Numerically, an implicit finite difference-based approach (FDBA) namely the finite element method (FEM) is used to handle nonlinear ODEs and several graphs are plotted against numerous emerging parameters. Moreover, shear stresses and heat transfer coefficient are calculated and their behavior is discussed. The velocity field's inclination is depicted graphically by augmenting the values of the Biot number, which further describes the comparative study for dust and fluid phases to monitor motion.