Prophylactic clip closure in preventing delayed bleeding after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients on anticoagulants: a multicenter retrospective cohort study in Japan
Kazunori Takada, Naohisa Yoshida, Yoshikazu Hayashi, Daichi Togo, Shiro Oka, Shusei Fukunaga, Yoshinori Morita, Takemasa Hayashi, Kazuhiro Kozuka, Yosuke Tsuji, Takashi Murakami, Takeshi Yamamura, Yoriaki Komeda, Yoji Takeuchi, Kensuke Shinmura, Hiroko Fukuda, Shinji Yoshii, Shoko Ono, Shinichi Katsuki, Kazumasa Kawashima, Daiki Nemoto, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Yutaka Saitō, Naoto Tamai, Aya Tamura, on behalf of the ABCD-J Working Group
Abstract
Background The effectiveness of prophylactic clip closure in reducing the risk of delayed bleeding after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is uncertain among patients on anticoagulants. We therefore aimed to assess this effectiveness using data from a large multicenter study. Methods We used the ABCD-J study database to analyze delayed bleeding among 34 455 colorectal ESD cases from 47 Japanese institutions. Delayed bleeding rates among the no/partial and complete closure groups were compared in patients on direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) or warfarin. Propensity score matching was used for baseline characteristics to reduce the effects of selection bias. Results Overall, data from 1478 patients on anticoagulants who underwent colorectal ESD were examined. After propensity score matching, the complete and no/partial closure groups were compared in 212 patients on DOACs and 82 on warfarin. The complete closure group showed a significantly lower delayed bleeding rate in patients receiving DOACs (10.8 % vs. 5.2 %, absolute risk reduction [ARR] 5.7 %, P = 0.048) and warfarin (17.1 % vs. 6.1 %, ARR 11.0 %, P = 0.049). Additionally, complete closure significantly reduced the risk of delayed bleeding among patients taking DOACs for right-sided lesions (ARR 6.7 %, P = 0.04), whereas no risk reduction was observed for left-sided (P > 0.99) or rectal (P = 0.50) lesions. A similar trend was observed among patients on warfarin. Conclusions Prophylactic complete clip closure after colorectal ESD significantly reduced the delayed bleeding rate in patients receiving DOACs or warfarin. It should be performed after ESD, particularly for right-sided lesions.