Hydrocracking of crude palm oil to a biofuel using zirconium nitride and zirconium phosphide-modified bentonite
Hasanudin Hasanudin, Wan Ryan Asri, Indah Sari Zulaikha, Cik Ayu, Addy Rachmat, Fahma Riyanti, Fitri Hadiah, Rahadian Zainul, Roni Maryana
Abstract
showed 86.04% conversion, which suggested that there was a strong positive correlation between the catalyst acidity and the conversion under a particular condition. The biofuel distribution fraction showed that both the catalysts produced a high bio-kerosene fraction, followed by bio-gasoline and oil fuel fractions. The reusability study revealed that both the catalysts had sufficient conversion stability of CPO through the hydrocracking reaction up to four consecutive runs with a low decrease in the catalyst activity. Overall, bentonite-ZrN dominantly favored the hydrocracking of CPO than bentonite-ZrP.
Topics & Concepts
ZirconiumPhosphideBentonitePalm oilMaterials scienceCrackingNitrideBiofuelPulp and paper industryWaste managementEnvironmental scienceMetallurgyChemical engineeringNanotechnologyComposite materialEngineeringAgroforestryLayer (electronics)NickelCatalysis and Hydrodesulfurization StudiesBiodiesel Production and ApplicationsCatalysis for Biomass Conversion