Cerium-Doped Indium Oxide as a Top Electrode of Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells
Limeng Zhang, Zhigang Che, Jiacheng Shang, Qi Wang, Miaojia Cao, Yurong Zhou, Yurong Zhou, Yuqin Zhou, Yuqin Zhou, Fengzhen Liu
Abstract
Semitransparent perovskite solar cells (ST-PSCs) play a very important role in high-efficiency tandem solar cells and building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). One of the main challenges for high-performance ST-PSCs is to obtain suitable top-transparent electrodes by appropriate methods. Transparent conductive oxide (TCO) films, as the most widely used transparent electrodes, are also adopted in ST-PSCs. However, the possible ion bombardment damage during the TCO deposition and the relatively high postannealing temperature usually required for high-quality TCO films is not conducive to improving the performance of the perovskite solar cells with low ion bombardment and temperature tolerances. Herein, cerium-doped indium oxide (ICO) thin films are prepared by reactive plasma deposition (RPD) at substrate temperatures below 60 °C. A high carrier mobility of 50.26 cm 2 V –1 s –1, a low resistivity of 7.18 × 10 –4 Ω·cm, and an average transmittance of 86.53% in the wavelength range of 400–800 nm and 87.37% in the wavelength range of 800–1200 nm are achieved. The RPD-prepared ICO film is used as a transparent electrode on top of the ST-PSCs (band gap ∼1.68 eV), and photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.96% is achieved on the champion device.