Dietary factors, risk of developing depression, and severity of its symptoms in older adults—A narrative review of current knowledge
Zuzanna Chrząstek, Agnieszka Guligowska, Piotr Sobczuk, Tomasz Kostka
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common diseases in the older population. Difficulties in recognizing its etiology and recurrence make depression a major challenge for health care professionals. The risk of developing depression is influenced by many factors, including lifestyle and diet. Research studies have shown a relationship between the consumption of specific macro- and microelements and depression. However, so far, no nutritional recommendations on how to reduce the risk of the disease and its relapses in older adults have been developed. This review outlines research results of conducted studies and focuses on both basic and potentially promising elements of diet, such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, dietary fiber, vitamins (D, E, C, and B), and microelements such as magnesium, zinc, selenium, or iron.