Synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Using Glycerol Carbonate
Masaki Itatani, Norbert Német, Nadia Valletti, Gábor Schuszter, Prisco Prete, Pierandrea Lo Nostro, Raffaele Cucciniello, Federico Rossi, István Lagzi
Abstract
In this study, we show that glycerol carbonate (GlyC), a bio-based derivative of glycerol, can be used as a suitable green solvent for the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). In particular, a zinc-based zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was synthesized by exploring several different experimental conditions (in terms of temperature, reaction time, and reactants' concentrations) to find that the yield of the reaction and the quality of the products, measured in terms of crystallinity, surface area, and porosity, were in line with those obtained in the most commonly (non-green) used solvents. GlyC was also found to be reusable for several cycles, maintaining the same original quality as a solvent for the synthesis. Finally, some indicators for the assessment of the greenness of a process (E-factor and PMI) revealed a milder environmental impact of GlyC with respect to other solvents.