Microextraction by packed sorbent of some β-blocker drugs with chitosan@mof-199 bio-composite in human saliva, plasma, and urine samples
Mahsa Samadifar, Yadollah Yamini
Abstract
The current study introduces microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) to extract three beta-blocker drugs (propranolol, atenolol , and betaxolol) from biological samples. The separation and detection of the drugs were performed by high performance liquid chromatography followed by UV detection. A green approach was applied for synthesizing chitosan@MOF-199 bio-composite, which was packed into the initial part of a metal spinal (22 gage). The effective parameters on the adsorption and desorption efficiencies, including sample solution pH, eluent flow rate , cycle numbers, type and volume of eluent solvent were evaluated and optimized. Under optimal conditions linear ranges (LRs = 5–600 µg L −1 ), limits of detection (LODs = 1.5–4.5 µg L −1 ), and relative standard deviations (RSDs% = 4.7 −5.3% with three replicates and concentration of 100 µg L −1 ) were obtained. Relative recoveries (RR%) for plasma (77–99%), saliva (81–108%), and urine (80–112%) samples were obtained. In this study, the drug release profile of propranolol in urine was evaluated. The results showed that the highest amount of propranolol is released 4 h after taking the drug. Based on the obtained results, this is an effective, fast, sensitive, reproducible, green, and user-friendly method for beta-blocker drug extraction in biological samples.