<scp>d</scp> -Methionine and <scp>d</scp> -Phenylalanine Improve Lactococcus lactis F44 Acid Resistance and Nisin Yield by Governing Cell Wall Remodeling
Hao Wu, Er-shu Xue, Ning Zhi, Qianqian Song, Kairen Tian, Qinggele Caiyin, Lin Yuan, Jianjun Qiao
Abstract
As d -amino acids play an important role in cell wall synthesis, we analyzed the effects of 19 different d -amino acids on L. lactis F44, demonstrating that d -Met and d -Phe can participate in peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis and improve the acid resistance and nisin yield of this strain. murF overexpression further increased the levels of d -Met and d -Phe incorporated into PG and contributed to the acid resistance of the strain. These findings suggest that d -Met and d -Phe can be incorporated into PG to improve the acid resistance and nisin yield of L. lactis , and this study provides new ideas for the enhancement of nisin production.
Topics & Concepts
NisinLactococcus lactisChemistryPhenylalanineYield (engineering)BiochemistryCell wallMethionineBacteriaFood scienceAmino acidLactic acidBiologyAntimicrobialGeneticsMetallurgyOrganic chemistryMaterials scienceProbiotics and Fermented FoodsBiopolymer Synthesis and ApplicationsAmino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism