Universal Strategy of 3D and 2D Hybrid Perovskites Single Crystal Growth via In Situ Solvent Conversion
Sergey A. Fateev, Andrey A. Petrov, Artem A. Ordinartsev, Aleksei Y. Grishko, Eugene A. Goodilin, Alexey B. Tarasov
Abstract
A novel strategy of hybrid halide perovskite single crystal growth based on a new type of “fugitive” solvent system is proposed. To demonstrate the universality of the developed approach, we have grown a set of high-quality single crystals of 3D hybrid perovskites APbX3 (A = MA+, FA+; X = Br–, I–) with pure and mixed compositions, layered 2D perovskites (BA)2(A)n – 1PbnI3n + 1 (n = 1–4), and iodobismuthates A3Bi2I9. The crystallization was governed by gradual chemical conversion of the initial mixed solvent to a nonsolvent and thus gave yields up to 90%. The growth proceeded within a few hours at moderate temperatures and required no heating/cooling or low-pressure evaporation steps, antisolvents, or any toxic solvents, which makes the whole process uniquely facile and eco-friendly. The high quality of the grown single crystals was confirmed by absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, revealing unexpectedly high charge carrier lifetime for 2D perovskites.