Increase in invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae b, the Netherlands, 2020 to 2021
Anneke Steens, Kamelia R. Stanoeva, Mirjam J. Knol, Rob Mariman, Hester E. de Melker, Nina M. van Sorge
Abstract
The incidence of most respiratory-transmitted diseases decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic as a result of containment measures. In contrast, in the Netherlands we noted an increase in invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) (from < 0.3/100,000 before 2019 to 0.39 and 0.33/100,000 in 2020 and 2021) in vaccinated and unvaccinated age groups. We did not find a change in vaccine effectiveness against Hib invasive disease (effectiveness > 90%). We discuss factors that may have contributed to this rise.
Topics & Concepts
Haemophilus influenzaeIncidence (geometry)MedicinePandemicDiseaseHaemophilusCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Hib vaccineVirologyPasteurellaceaeImmunologyInternal medicineMicrobiologyInfectious disease (medical specialty)BiologyAntibioticsBacteriaOpticsGeneticsPhysicsInfluenza Virus Research StudiesBacterial Infections and VaccinesRespiratory viral infections research