Effects and mechanotransduction pathways of therapeutic ultrasound on healthy and osteoarthritic chondrocytes: a systematic review of in vitro studies
Sofia Oliveira, Renato Andrade, F.S. Silva, João Espregueira‐Mendes, Betina B. Hinckel, Ana Leal, Óscar Carvalho
Topics & Concepts
MechanotransductionTherapeutic ultrasoundUltrasoundMedicinePI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwayMAPK/ERK pathwayp38 mitogen-activated protein kinasesCartilageOsteoarthritisCell biologyProtein kinase BIn vitroSignal transductionBioinformaticsChemistryBiologyPathologyAnatomyBiochemistryRadiologyAlternative medicineUltrasound and Hyperthermia ApplicationsOsteoarthritis Treatment and MechanismsPhotoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging