Efficacy of Pharmaceutical Care in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Weibo Wang, Lijuan Geng, Chenjing Sun, Hui Li, Jinying Wang
Abstract
Background . The rates of treatment adherence and treat‐to‐target rates of blood pressure and blood glucose‐related indexes in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of pharmaceutical care postdischarge for treatment adherence in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods . This was a randomized controlled trial of patients with combined T2DM and hypertension treated between January and May 2018. Pharmaceutical care included free access to a clinical pharmacist, education material, a WeChat account for live discussion, and a telephone follow‐up. The primary endpoint was the 3‐month medication adherence. The secondary endpoints included the achieving levels of target rates and values of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h postprandial glucose (2hPG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and the rates of reaching the achieving target rate of blood pressure target <130/80. Results . In 80 participants, the 3‐month medication adherence was higher in the pharmaceutical care group than the routine group (90.0% vs. 52.5%, P < 0.001). In terms of FPG, 2hPG, and HbA1c, there were also significant differences between the pharmaceutical care and routine groups (FPG, 6.50 (6.00, 7.18) vs. 7.00 (6.83, 7.78) mmol/L, P = 0.004; 2hPG, 8.45 (7.45, 9.28) vs. 9.35 (8.23, 10.15), P = 0.007; HbA1c, 6.5% (6.3%, 7.0%) vs. 7.0% (6.5%, 7.4%), P = 0.007). The achieving target rate of reaching the blood pressure target in the pharmaceutical care group (92.5%) was significantly higher than that in the routine group (62.5%; P < 0.05). Conclusion . The postdischarge pharmaceutical care program in patients with T2DM and hypertension improves medication adherence.