Descriptive Epidemiology of Collegiate Women's Field Hockey Injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988–1989 Through 2002–2003
Luzita Vela, Renee Messina, Randall W. Dick, Stephen W. Marshall, Julie Agel, Jennifer M. Hootman
Abstract
Objective: To review 15 years of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) injury surveillance data for women’s field hockey and identify potential areas for injury prevention initiatives. Background: Field hockey is one of the most popular sports worldwide and is growing in participation in the United States, particularly among women. From 1988–1989 to 2002–2003, participation in NCAA women’s field hockey increased 12%, with the largest growth among Division III programs. In 2002–2003, 253 colleges offered women’s field hockey and 5385 women participated. Main Results: Game injury rates showed a significant average annual 2.5% decline over 15 years, most likely fueled by drops in ankle ligament sprain, knee internal derangement, and finger fracture injuries. Despite this, ankle ligament sprains were common (13.7% of game and 15.0% of practice injuries) and a frequent cause of severe injuries (resulting in 10+ days of time-loss activity). Concussion and head laceration injuries increased over this same time, and the risk of sustaining a concussion in a game was 6 times higher than the risk of sustaining one during practice. Overall, injury rates were twice as high in games as in practices (7.87 versus 3.70 injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures, rate ratio = 2.1, 95% confidence interval = 2.0, 2.3). Most head/neck/face (71%) and hand/finger/thumb (68%) injuries occurred when the player was near the goal or within the 25-yd line and were caused by contact with the stick or ball (greater than 77% for both body sites)