Improving EfficientNet for JPEG Steganalysis

Yassine Yousfi, Jan Butora, Jessica Fridrich, Clement Fuji Tsang

202149 citationsDOI

Abstract

In this paper, we study the EfficientNet family pre-trained on ImageNet when used for steganalysis using transfer learning. We show that certain "surgical modifications" aimed at maintaining the input resolution in EfficientNet architectures significantly boost their performance in JPEG steganalysis, establishing thus new benchmarks. The modified models are evaluated by their detection accuracy, the number of parameters, the memory consumption, and the total floating point operations (FLOPs) on the ALASKA II dataset. We also show that, surprisingly, EfficientNets in their "vanilla form" do not perform as well as the SRNet in BOSSbase+BOWS2. This is because, unlike ALASKA II images, BOSSbase+BOWS2 contains aggressively subsampled images with more complex content. The surgical modifications in EfficientNet remedy this underperformance as well.

Topics & Concepts

SteganalysisComputer scienceJPEGTransfer of learningArtificial intelligencePoint (geometry)Transfer (computing)Low resolutionSteganographyImage (mathematics)High resolutionMathematicsOperating systemGeometryRemote sensingGeologyAdvanced Steganography and Watermarking TechniquesDigital Media Forensic DetectionGenerative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis