Performance Improvement of Acid Pretreated 3D‐printing Composite for the Heavy Metal Ions Analysis
Jae‐Hong Shin, Kyeong‐Deok Seo, Hyun Park, Deog‐Su Park
Abstract
Abstract The performance enhancement of 3D‐printed electrode comprised of polylactic acid (PLA) and graphite (Gr) doped with graphene oxide (GO) was studied to detect five heavy metal ions in trace level. The pretreatment of PLA/Gr/GO electrode with potential cycling in H 2 SO 4 solution achieved the most sensitive response. The characteristics of the composite electrodes were verified using XPS, FE‐SEM, EDXS, Raman, and impedance spectroscopy. The experimental variables affecting the response current were optimized with respect to pH, deposition time, ratio of PLA/Gr/GO, and supporting electrolytes. The pretreated 3D‐PLA/Gr/GO electrode showed a wide dynamic range from 0.5 ppb to 1.0 ppm with low detection limits of 0.039–0.13 ppb. The reliability of the PLA/Gr/GO electrode was evaluated by analyzing the reference samples of European Reference Materials.