A multicenter study to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and safety of liposomal bupivacaine for postsurgical analgesia in pediatric patients aged 6 to less than 17 years (PLAY)
Christopher F. Tirotta, Alberto J. de Armendi, Nicole Horn, Gregory B. Hammer, Michal Szczodry, Maria Matuszczak, Natalie Q. Wang, Richard E. Scranton, R. Tracy Ballock
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and safety of liposomal bupivacaine in pediatric patients undergoing spine or cardiac surgery. DESIGN: Multicenter, open-label, phase 3, randomized trial (PLAY; NCT03682302). SETTING: Operating room. PATIENTS: Two separate age groups were evaluated (age group 1: patients 12 to <17 years undergoing spine surgery; age group 2: patients 6 to <12 years undergoing spine or cardiac surgery). INTERVENTION: Randomized allocation of liposomal bupivacaine 4 mg/kg or bupivacaine hydrochloride (HCl) 2 mg/kg via local infiltration at the end of spine surgery (age group 1); liposomal bupivacaine 4 mg/kg via local infiltration at the end of spine or cardiac surgery (age group 2). MEASUREMENTS: ) and safety of liposomal bupivacaine, respectively. MAIN RESULTS: of liposomal bupivacaine occurred later with cardiac surgery versus spine surgery (22.7 vs 7.4 h). In age group 1, the incidence of adverse events (AEs) was comparable between liposomal bupivacaine (61% [19/31]) and bupivacaine HCl (73% [22/30]). In age group 2, 100% (5/5) and 31% (9/29) of patients undergoing spine and cardiac surgery experienced AEs, respectively. AEs were generally mild or moderate, with no discontinuations due to AEs or deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma bupivacaine levels following local infiltration with liposomal bupivacaine remained below the toxic threshold in adults (~2000-4000 ng/mL) across age groups and procedures. AEs were mild to moderate, supporting the safety of liposomal bupivacaine in pediatric patients undergoing spine or cardiac surgery. Clinical trial number and registry URL: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03682302.