Restoring Finger-Specific Sensory Feedback for Transradial Amputees via Non-Invasive Evoked Tactile Sensation
Manzhao Hao, Chih-Hong Chou, Jie Zhang, Fei Yang, Chunyan Cao, Peng-Yu Yin, Wenyuan Liang, Chuanxin M. Niu, Ning Lan
Abstract
<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Objective:</i> This study assessed the feasibility to restore finger-specific sensory feedback in transradial amputees with electrical stimulation of evoked tactile sensation (ETS). <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Methods:</i> Here we investigated primary somatosensory cortical (SI) responses of ETS using Magnetoencephalography. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Results:</i> SI activations revealed a causal correlation with peripheral stimulation of projected finger regions on the stump skin. Peak latency was accountable to neural transmission from periphery to SI. Peak intensity of SI response was proportional to the strength of peripheral stimulation, manifesting a direct neural pathway from skin receptors to SI neurons. Active regions in SI at the amputated side were consistent to the finger/hand map of homunculus, forming a mirror imaging to that of the contralateral hand. With sensory feedback, amputees can recognize a pressure at prosthetic fingers as that at the homonymous lost fingers. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Conclusions:</i> Results confirmed that the direct neural pathway from periphery to SI allows effective communication of finger-specific sensory information to these amputees.