Antimicrobial Consumption in Latin American Countries: First Steps of a Long Road Ahead
Gustavo H. Marín, Lucía Giangreco, Cristian Dorati, Perla M. de Buschiazzo, Silvia Boni, Hilda Mantilla-Ponte, Ma. José Alfonso Arvez, Mónica López‐Peña, Ma. Francisca Aldunate González, Shing Mi Ching Fung, Laura Barcelona, Laura Campaña, Alejandra Vaquero Orellana, Tatiana Orjuela Rodríguez, Larissa Ginés Cantero, Rosa A. Villar, Nicole Sandoval Fuentes, Emiliano Melero, Hugo Marín-Piva, Gisela Soler, Fernanda Gabriel, Laura Pineda Velandia, Cinthia Ojeda Florentín, Soledad Risso Patron, Mariela Ortiz Rivas, Carolina Mendoza Benítez, Rosemarie Mellado, Verica Ivanovska, Arno Müller, R Monge Rojas, José L. Castro
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Irrational antimicrobial consumption (AMC) became one of the main global health problems in recent decades. OBJECTIVE: In order to understand AMC in Latin-American Region, we performed the present research in 6 countries. METHODS: Antimicrobial consumption (J01, A07A, P01AB groups) was registered in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Paraguay, and Peru. Source of information, AMC type, DDD (Defined Daily Doses), DID (DDD/1000 inhabitants/day), population were variables explored. Data was analyzed using the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) tool. RESULTS: Source of information included data from global, public, and private sectors. Total AMC was highly variable (range 1.91-36.26 DID). Penicillin was the most consumed group in all countries except in Paraguay, while macrolides and lincosamides were ranked second. In terms of type of AMC according to the WHO-AWaRe classification, it was found that for certain groups like "Reserve," there are similarities among all countries. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: This paper shows the progress that 6 Latin-American countries made toward AMC surveillance. The study provides a standardized approach for building a national surveillance system for AMC data analysis. These steps will contribute to the inclusion of Latin-America among the regions of the world that have periodic, regular, and quality data of AMC.