Enhanced Insights into Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: Advancements in Pathogenesis Understanding and Management Strategies
Michela Starace, Stephano Cedirian, Luca Rapparini, Federico Quadrelli, Francesca Pampaloni, Francesca Bruni, Bianca Maria Piraccini
Abstract
Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) represents a distinctive form of primary lymphocytic scarring alopecia characterized by fronto-temporal hair recession and eyebrow hair loss. While predominantly affecting postmenopausal women, FFA also occurs in women of reproductive age and men, with variations observed across different ethnic groups. Genetic predisposition, environmental factors and inflammatory pathways contribute to its pathogenesis, with evolving diagnostic criteria enhancing accuracy. FFA treatment lacks standardization, encompassing topical, systemic and physical therapies, while hair transplantation remains a temporary solution. This article reviews the current understanding of FFA, aiming to provide clinicians with updated insights for its management.