Atrazine, desethylatrazine (DEA) and desisopropylatrazine (DIA) degradation by <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i> INCQS 40310
Raquel de Oliveira Lopes, Patrícia Maia Pereira, Aline Ramalho Brandão Pereira, Keysson Vieira Fernandes, Julia Finamor Carvalho, Alexandre da Silva de França, Richard H. Valente, Manuela da Silva, Viridiana Santana Ferreira-Leitão
Abstract
Atrazine is the most common herbicide applied in crops of economic relevance, such as sugar cane, soybean, and corn. Atrazine and its derivatives desethylatrazine (DEA) and desisopropylatrazine (DIA) are toxic to the environment, affecting animal and human health. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the degradation of atrazine and its derivatives by the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus INCQS 40310, as well as the potential of the enzymes involved in this process. P. ostreatus INCQS 40310 was able to degrade atrazine (82%), DEA (71%), and DIA (56%) over 22 days of fungal cultivation. Proteomic analysis indicated the participation of hydrolases and peroxidases during the degradation process. Additionally, resting cells of the fungus were tested to verify the action of intracellular enzymes in the degradation process, suggesting the participation of cytochrome P450 enzymatic complex. Resting cells experiments promoted the degradation of 50% of atrazine, 36% of DIA, 30% of DEA. So far, this is the first work evaluating the biodegradation of DEA and DIA by fungus.